考研英语|阅读理解备考小策略
现在正是考研英语备考的关键时期，同学们在备考期时一定要抓紧时间复习。
当然，在注重时间的同时，还需要注意做题的方法和效率。
尤其是考研阅读，因为“得阅读者得考研英语”因此，今天给大家重点介绍阅读理解的备考思路。
首先，要会做题
在做题时，要理解题目的考查本质。
考研英语阅读理解共有20个题目，实际上按照大纲细分为六种题型，分别为：细节题、主旨大意题、推断题、例证题、词义句意题和态度题。
所以，我们在拿到题目后首先要理解题目的考查本质。
比如：2009年Text4第39题：
The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often ______________.
[A] influenced by superstitions.
[B] troubled with religious beliefs.
[C] puzzled by church sermons.
[D] frustrated with family earnings.
根据题干中的the story of John Dane（一个人的故事即为例子）shows“表明”可以确定这题为例证题，考查本质为例子所证明的观点，也就是说，找观点句。
根据例证题的解法，我们可以找到例子前一句为观点句。
原文段落如下：
We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. Their thinking often had a traditional superstitious quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope—all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churches.
根据观点句，我们能轻松解出A为正确选项。
因此，我们在做题时，一定要先分析题目考查本质，再进行解题。
也就是说，备考时，我们需要先系统全面地学习解题方法，再进行解题。
其次、会利用真题
做完题目以后，不是简单地对照答案就行了。
我们需要对真题进行精读，学习其中的词汇和语法知识。
因为考研阅读理解的文章有一定的复现率，有良好的知识储备对于我们解题大有裨益。
比如，近些年考试中常出现的一个话题是人工智能，相关词汇表达有：Artificial Intelligence（AI,人工智能）、robot（机器人）、Algorithm（算法）、consciousness（意识）、moral（道德）等，考生在备考中务必要十分熟悉。
而在2008年阅读理解text 2和2020年英语一阅读理解text 2都考查了相同话题scientific publishing（科学出版）。
最后，除了熟悉相关话题词汇，我们还要
关注背景知识
比如2013年考研英语一阅读理解text4第40题
What can be learned from the last paragraph?
[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress．
[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administration．
[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress．
[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues．
原文最后一段如下：
Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government，and control of citizenship and the borders is among them．But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status，it could．It never did SO．The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes，no state should be allowed to do so either．Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim．
此题主要考察考生美国三权分立背景知识的考察，同时还有check的一词多义“抑制”。
本段第二和三句讲了如果国会想要组织州使用资源去抑制移民，他能够，他从未这样做过。
因此，与A选项“移民问题通常被国会所决定”矛盾。
而B选项来源于，原文第4句：“政府本质声明，因为它不想执行国会的移民想法，没有州可以这样做。”（此句强调政府的权力），而最后一句话说“每个大法官反对这个声明（此处指政府的声明）。”
结合这几句可以看出美国政府（行政），国会（立法），法院（司法）三权的相互抑制。
也就是B选项啦。
是不是很快就选出来啦！
因此，在备考阅读过程中，只要同学们掌握了解题方法，有了词汇、语法、背景知识的储备，考研英语拿高分就不难了。
掌握方法只是迈出成功的第一步，赶紧拿出试题练习起来吧~
